Chapter 3

The micro world

3.6 Quantum fluctuations

We should perhaps also note one more quantum phenomenon. We know that not even a vacuum is an empty space. We talk about a quantum vacuum that is swarming with microscopic particles and antiparticles that constantly appear and disappear within a split second. Imagine it as a stormy sea of particles, where extremely small areas of space and matter are literally “simmering”. This also has real observable effects on electrons on the outer orbits of atoms in the micro world, on the radiation and “evaporation” of black holes in the macro cosmos and on the forces between two thin uncharged plates (the Casimir effect, experimentally verified in 1997 [40]).

Successful experimental observation of quantum fluctuations of a vacuum was carried out and published in 2019 [41].

In order to understand this, it is necessary to realise that the horizon of cognition also applies to itself (incognizability of incognizability). In our observation, this point fluctuates, jumps between the quantised intervals of spacetime and it is not possible for us to determine its exact position.

And so due to the fluctuations of our sub-universe, inherently, its particles’ manifestations must virtually appear and disappear, and in our distant observation we can detect them due to their electromagnetic force effects/manifestations.

Similar to quantum entanglement, we split a unity, which is why we observe pairs also in matter – particles and antiparticles.